{"id":844,"date":"2024-05-14T09:17:32","date_gmt":"2024-05-14T09:17:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/?page_id=844"},"modified":"2024-05-14T09:17:32","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T09:17:32","slug":"%cf%86%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%81%ce%ac%ce%bc%ce%b1%ce%bd-%ce%b5%ce%bd%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%87%cf%85%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%b7-%ce%b1%cf%80%cf%8c-%ce%bd","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/%cf%86%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%81%ce%ac%ce%bc%ce%b1%ce%bd-%ce%b5%ce%bd%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%87%cf%85%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%b7-%ce%b1%cf%80%cf%8c-%ce%bd\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u0395\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u039d\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 (SERS)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf (\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 10^7) \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"229\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman1-1024x229.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman1-1024x229.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman1-300x67.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman1-768x172.png 768w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman1-1536x344.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman1-2048x458.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman1-1200x269.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u0395\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u039d\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 (SERS);<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0397 \u03a6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u0395\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u039d\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 (SERS) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd (\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 10^14). \u0397 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u039c\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd. \u0397 SERS \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"246\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman2-1024x246.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-186\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman2-1024x246.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman2-300x72.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman2-768x184.png 768w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman2-1536x369.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman2-1200x288.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman2.png 1834w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eng.ucy.ac.cy\/cpitris\/courses\/ECE477\/presentations\/English\/09.%20Raman%20Spectroscopy.pdf\">PDF<\/a>) \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 SERS \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.eng.ucy.ac.cy\/cpitris\/courses\/ECE477\/presentations\/English\/10.%20SERS,%20CARS,%20IR,%20FTIR.pdf\">PDF<\/a>).<br>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce (<a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/1998\/cs\/a827241z\/unauth#!divAbstract\">Campion et al 1998<\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/0953-8984\/14\/18\/202\/meta\">Kneip et al 2002<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1146\/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112814\">Stiles et al 2008<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crcpress.com\/Handbook-of-Biomedical-Optics\/Boas-Pitris-Ramanujam\/p\/book\/9781420090369\">Handbook of Biomedical Optics<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0395\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u039f\u0394x<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (UTI) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf. \u0397 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 UTI \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af 24 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 10^5 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac ml \u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd (cfu \/ ml) \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u039f \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf 24 \u03c9\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd. \u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03cd\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7, \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 UTI. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u03a3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u039f\u0394x \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 SERS \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>K\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u0392\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 SERS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 Raman \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 SERS \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 SERS \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 ~ 94% \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb. \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf 1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 16 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"366\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman3-1024x366.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman3-1024x366.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman3-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman3-768x274.png 768w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman3-1536x549.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman3-2048x731.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman3-1200x429.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0395\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0395\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \/ \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03be\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c1, \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03be\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03be\u03af\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u0395. Coli, \u039a. Pneumoniae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Proteus spp. \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 81-100% \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 SERS \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 2-4 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman4-1024x378.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman4-1024x378.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman4-300x111.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman4-768x284.png 768w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman4-1536x568.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman4-1200x443.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman4.png 1821w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0395\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03a6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 2 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 ~ 94%. \u0397 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 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src=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman6-1024x218.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-190\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman6-1024x218.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman6-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman6-768x164.png 768w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman6-1536x327.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman6-2048x436.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Raman6-1200x256.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd; \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf (\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 10^7) \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kios.ucy.ac.cy\/odxlab\/%cf%86%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%81%ce%ac%ce%bc%ce%b1%ce%bd-%ce%b5%ce%bd%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%87%cf%85%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%b7-%ce%b1%cf%80%cf%8c-%ce%bd\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;\u03a6\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03a1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd \u0395\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u039d\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 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